Family: Chelydridae (Snapping Turtles)
Genera: Chelydra (Snapping Turtles) and Macrochelys (Alligator Snapping Turtles)
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| Aquatic. Large. Carapace rough. No supramarginal scutes. "Loggerheaded" with moderately hooked beak. Tail long and saw-toothed.
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| Rare. Aquatic. Large. Carapace very rough. 3-5 supramarginal scutes. "Loggerheaded" with strongly hooked beak. Tail long.
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Family: Emydidae (Box and Water Turtles)
Genera: Chrysemys (Painted Turtles), Deirochelys (Chicken Turtles), Graptemys (Map Turtles), Pseudemys (Cooters), Terrapene (American Box Turtles), and Trachemys (Sliders)
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| Aquatic. Carapace somewhat flat and very smooth with an orange middorsal stripe. Plastron plain yellow.
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| Rare. Aquatic. First vertebral scute in contact with 4 marginal scutes. Long, striped neck. Broad leg stripe. Striped "seat of pants".
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| Aquatic. Weak middorsal keel. Maplike pattern. Small, yellow spot behind eye.
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| Aquatic. Strong middorsal keel. Large yellow spot behind eye. Smaller yellow spot below eye and on lower jaw. Neck stripes reach eye.
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| Aquatic. Strong middorsal keel. Yellow crescent cuts off neck stripes from reaching eye. Small yellow spot on lower jaw.
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| Aquatic. Reticulated carapace with second scute forming a "C". Back margin of carapace serrate and flaring. Underside of marginal scutes usually with dark "doughnuts". Plastron plain yellow. Chin flat.
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| Terrestrial. Carapace forms rounded dome and is typically plain brown (though sometimes with a radiating pattern). Plastron plain (though sometimes with dark marks outlining scutes). Hind foot with 3 (or 4) toes. Juveniles with prominent middorsal keel.
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| Rare. Terrestrial. Carapace forms flattened dome with radiating pattern. Plastron marked boldly with reticulation of black and yellow. Hind foot with 4 toes. Juveniles with prominent middorsal keel.
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| Aquatic. Prominent red "ear" behind eye. Reticulated, greenish carapace with back margin somewhat serrate and flaring. Underside of marginal scutes plain. Plastron with usually one dark "doughnut" per scute.
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Family: Kinosternidae (Mud and Musk Turtles)
Genera: Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles) and Sternotherus (Musk Turtles)
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| Aquatic. Carapace large and domed. Plastron large and double-hinged with triangular pectoral scutes. Two light stripes on head. No barbels on chin.
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| Rare. Aquatic. Carapace large and "razor-backed". Plastron with single hinge and squarish pectoral scutes. Head speckled with black dots. Barbels on chin only.
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| Aquatic. Carapace with weak keel. Plastron with single hinge and squarish pectoral scutes. Two light stripes on head. Barbels on chin and neck.
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Family: Trionychidae (Softshells)
Genus: Apalone (North American Softshells)
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| Aquatic. Pancake-shaped with long neck and snorkel nose. Carapace mostly without pattern and smooth. Front edge of carapace without bumps. Nostrils without ridge-like projections. Feet not strongly patterned.
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| Aquatic. Pancake-shaped with long neck and snorkel nose. Carapace with pattern of dots and sandpaper-like texture. Front edge of carapace with bumps. Nostrils with ridge-like projections. Feet strongly patterned.
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| Subspecies: Western Spiny Softshell (A. s. hartwegi), Pallid Spiny Softshell (A. s. pallida), and Eastern Spiny Softshell (A. s. spinifera)
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~ Hypothetical Occurrence ~
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| Aquatic. Carapace somewhat flat and very smooth. Typically some reddish coloration along the margins of the carapace and on limbs.
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| Aquatic. Carapace large and domed. Plastron double-hinged with triangular pectoral scutes. Throat yellow. 9th marginal scute higher than 8th.
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